Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Imidazole Derivatives

This review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis and applications of imidazole derivatives, emphasizing green chemistry approaches and their multifaceted roles in medicinal field specially molecules exhibit diverse biological applications, such as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-as inflammatory, antidiabetic, α-glucosidase inhibitory, kinase inhibitory effects, and cardiomyogenesis promotion and industrial fields. Eco-friendly synthetic methods, including rice husk ash catalysis, solvent-free conditions, and ultrasound-assisted reactions, are discussed, showcasing high yields and sustainability. Imidazole derivatives exhibit diverse biological activities, such as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic effects, with promising selectivity and potency. Industrial applications include corrosion inhibitors, OLED materials, and chemical sensors. Challenges in scalability and selectivity, along with future directions leveraging computational tools and nanomaterials, are explored, underscoring imidazole’s potential in addressing global health and environmental challenges.